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ISP Camera Device Driver

ISP Camera Device Driver

Semi leafHyderabad
9 days ago
Job description

Job Title :

Senior Camera Driver / Embedded Linux Kernel Engineer

Job Summary :

We are seeking a highly skilled Camera Driver Engineer with expertise in Android Camera HAL3, V4L2, and MIPI CSI-2 integration to develop, optimize, and debug the end-to-end camera pipeline from Android Camera2 API through Camera HAL, V4L2 kernel drivers, and sensor hardware.

The ideal candidate will have hands-on experience with Linux kernel driver development, multimedia subsystems, and performance optimization for camera capture, streaming, and ISP pipelines.

Key Responsibilities :

Camera Framework & HAL Development :

  • Develop, integrate, and optimize the Android Camera HAL3 layer.
  • Implement and manage the capture flow between Camera2 API, Camera Provider, and Camera HAL.
  • Ensure proper communication between Camera Service (framework) and hardware abstraction layer (HAL) using HIDL / AIDL.
  • Collaborate with SoC vendors and integrate V4L2-based drivers into the Android camera stack.

Flow Summary (End-to-End) :

  • App Layer (Camera2 API) : Application creates a CaptureRequest ? sent to Camera Service.
  • Framework (Camera Service) : Routes requests to Camera Provider (HIDL / AIDL) ? loads HAL implementation.
  • Camera Provider : Manages available camera devices, connects to HAL shared library (camera.vendor.so).
  • Camera HAL : Converts framework requests into hardware operations configures streams, manages buffers, and communicates with kernel drivers via V4L2 IOCTLs.
  • Kernel Driver (V4L2) : Handles sensor, CSI-2 receiver, and ISP interaction; streams buffers using DMA / videobuf2.
  • Hardware Layer : MIPI CSI-2 sensor sends frames ? captured and processed by ISP ? delivered to user-space buffers.
  • Kernel-Level Deferred Work (Tasklets vs Workqueues) :

  • Implement tasklets for fast, atomic bottom-half handling post-ISR (e.g., DMA completion notification).
  • Use workqueues for deferred tasks that require sleeping or longer operations (e.g., copying data to user buffers).
  • Example : ISR triggers a tasklet to signal frame-ready ? workqueue processes the frame metadata and prepares the next capture.
  • Buffer Management in Kernel / Driver Context :

  • Design C / C++ data structures to manage streaming buffers in kernel space.
  • Manage a linked list of DMA buffers using list_head for efficient allocation, queueing, and freeing during streaming operations.
  • Implement vb2_queue operations (queue_setup, buf_prepare, start_streaming, stop_streaming) for V4L2 devices.
  • V4L2 Camera Sensor Driver Development :

  • Write and register V4L2 subdevice drivers for camera sensors using I2C interface.
  • Implement essential V4L2 callbacks
  • Handle buffer flow using videobuf2 (vb2) framework :
  • Userspace : VIDIOC_REQBUFS, VIDIOC_QBUF, VIDIOC_STREAMON
  • Kernel : DMA streaming to frame buffers
  • Userspace : Dequeue frames with VIDIOC_DQBUF
  • Verify operation using tools like v4l2-ctl and media-ctl.
  • MIPI CSI-2 Integration and Debug"

  • Integrate MIPI CSI-2 camera sensors via D-PHY lanes.
  • Configure timing parameters (e.g., HS_SETTLE, CLK_PREPARE, CLK_ZERO).
  • Debug and fix frame drop or latency issues :
  • Monitor dmesg logs for CSI errors or DMA underruns.
  • Validate frame rate using v4l2-ctl - stream-mmap.
  • Tune buffer queue depth, vb2 configuration, and ISP pipeline timing.
  • Analyze MIPI trace logs or PHY counters for signal integrity issues.
  • Optimize I2C register writes and CSI lane mapping in device tree.
  • Technical Skills & Keywords :

  • Camera Driver Development (V4L2 / Camera HAL3 / Camera Provider)
  • Linux Kernel Driver Programming
  • Multimedia Subsystem (Video, ISP, Sensor)
  • Android Camera2 Framework
  • DMA / Videobuf2 / Buffer Management
  • Hardware Interfaces :

  • MIPI CSI-2, D-PHY
  • I2C / GPIO / Regmap
  • ISP / CSI Receiver / Sensor Interface
  • Debugging Tools :

  • v4l2-ctl, media-ctl, dmesg, trace-cmd, perf, ftrace
  • Oscilloscope / Logic Analyzer for CSI signals
  • Programming :

  • C, C++, Embedded C
  • Kernel Synchronization (Spinlocks, Tasklets, Workqueues)
  • Device Tree (DTS) Configuration and Debugging
  • Preferred Experience :

  • Camera bring-up on Android or embedded Linux platforms (Qualcomm, MediaTek, NVIDIA, NXP, TI, etc.)
  • Developing and debugging camera sensor subdevices
  • Hands-on experience with ISP pipelines and tuning
  • Performance optimization (latency, frame rate, bandwidth)
  • Familiarity with libcamera or GStreamer frameworks
  • (ref : hirist.tech)

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